What is the main therapeutic use of Lithium?

Lithium is primarily recognized for its effectiveness in treating bipolar disorder, where it helps stabilize mood and reduce the risk of manic and depressive episodes. It acts as a mood stabilizer, making it crucial in managing the extreme mood swings that characterize this mental health condition. Its use in bipolar disorder has been extensively studied, showing significant outcomes that aid patients in achieving better quality of life by mitigating the rollercoaster of mood changes.

While the other options refer to various conditions—iron deficiency anemia, ADHD, and complex partial seizures—these are not treated with lithium as a standard therapeutic approach. Instead, those conditions have their specific treatments unrelated to lithium's mood-stabilizing properties, making it clear why lithium's main therapeutic application is in managing bipolar disorder.